The material options for cryogenic tubing vary depending on factors such as the desired temperature range, operating pressure, operating environment, and economic cost. Here are some common cryogenic piping materials:
Low-temperature high-strength steel
This steel uses carbon and manganese as the main materials, and adds small amounts of nickel and chromium to improve the low-temperature toughness of the steel. At the same time, by adding a small amount of molybdenum and vanadium, the strength of the steel can be improved. This material has high strength and high temperature resistance, and is suitable for various engineering spherical tanks and cryogenic pressure vessels.
Low-carbon aluminum calming steel
This steel uses silicon and manganese as the main components, adding an appropriate amount of aluminum and fine grains, which can improve the toughness of the steel and improve the aging performance.
Austenitic stainless steel
Austenitic stainless steel has a stable face-centered cubic lattice structure and good low-temperature impact toughness. Its operating temperature can be lower than or equal to -196°C, which is especially suitable for the storage and transportation of liquefied natural gas, natural gas, and cryogenic equipment of liquid nitrogen.
Nickel-based low-temperature steel
Nickel is the main element of this steel, and as the nickel content increases, the low-temperature toughness of the steel will also improve. This steel can be used in cryogenic equipment from -40°C to -196°C.
In addition, polyethylene, aluminum alloys, and certain stainless steels (e.g., 06Cr19Ni10) are also commonly used in the manufacture of cryogenic pipes. These materials have good low-temperature impact toughness and mechanical properties, and are suitable for the manufacture of pipes, valves, storage tanks, etc. in low-temperature environments.
When selecting low-temperature pipeline materials, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the low-temperature toughness, strength, corrosion resistance, processability and cost of the material. At the same time, relevant standards and specifications should be adhered to to ensure the safety and reliability of pipelines.
